Unit 3 Grammar-passive

Passive formation

• general rules.
• questions in passive voice
• passive TWO objects
• HAVE SOMETHING DONE
• BY or WITH

Exercises:

• Active or passive?:  exercise 1 , exercise 2, exercise 3, exercise 4, exercise 5
• Passive to active: exercise 1
• Active to passive: exercise 1, exercise 2,  exercise 3 questions, exercise 4 mix,
• Passive with modals: exercise 1, 
• Two objects:  exercise 1, exercise 2, exercise 3, 
• HAVE SOMETHING DONE: exercise 1, exercise 2,  exercise 3, exercise 4,  exercise 5, exercise 6.
• More practise on this link: https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/passiv.htm

Source: english-hilfen.de, ego4u.com, cristinacabal.com, tolearnenglish.com, perfect-english-grammar.com, ejerciciosinglesonline.com

Passive

Explanation notes on Passives:

1. General aspects: use, 
2. Passive tenses, 
3. Passive two objects, 
4. Impersonal passive.
5. The Causative.

Exercises:

• Active or Passive? Exercise 1, exercise 2, exercise 3,  
• Passives in the present
• Passives in the past
• Make  passives: Mixed tenses, Exercise 1, exercise 2, exercise 3, mixed tenses.
• Questions in Passive: Exercise 1, exercise 2.
• Passive to Active exercise 1. 
• Passives Two Objects: Exercise
• Causative. Exercise 1, exercise 2. exercise 3. 

Describing pictures

 

Source: learnenglishteens.com

The tips below will help you to do really well in this type of speaking exam. 

Do: 

• Look at your picture carefully and take a few moments to think before you start talking. 
• Talk for all the time you are given. If you have one minute to do the task, use every second. 
• Practise the useful language below so you can explain which part of the picture you are talking about. 

Don’t:

•  Panic if you don’t know the words for all the things in the picture. You don’t need to know all the words for everything in the picture if you know what to say when you don’t know an exact word. 
•  Get distracted and start talking about something else. Focus on the photo or picture. 
• Panic if your mind goes blank. Take a deep breath, look at the picture and start again.
• If you are asked to describe a photo or a picture in the exam, here is some language you can use: 
• What is in the picture? In the picture I can see ... 
• There’s / There are ... There isn’t a ... / There aren’t any ... 
• Say what is happening with the present continuous The man is ...ing The people are ...ing It’s raining. 
• Where in the picture? 
• At the top/bottom of the picture ... 
• In the middle of the picture ... 
• On the left/right of the picture ... 
• next to 
• in front of 
• behind 
• near 
• on top of 
• under 
• If something isn’t clear 
• It looks like a ... It might be a ... He could be ...ing      Maybe it’s a ...

Rephrasing I wish / If only

Rewrite these sentences using ´I wish/If only ´ :

1. I don ´t know many people. I wish……….

2. I can ´t give up smoking. If only…………

3. I haven ´t got enough money for the concert.

4. George isn ´t here.

5. It´ s cold and I hate this weather.

6. I´ m sorry because Tina can ´t come to my party.

7. He was driving very fast when he had the accident.

8. I have to work tomorrow and I´d like to stay in bed.

9. My car is broken and I don ´t know anything about cars.

10. My husband didn't remember to bring his credit card with him on holiday.

11. I should have travelled more when I was young.

12. He was driving very fast when he had the accident.

13. I hate it when you drive fast in the city.

14. It's a pity I didn't bring my camera with me.

15. I would like to go out more at the weekend.

16. He keeps arriving late for class. It's getting on my nerves.

17. I would love to be lying on a beach in the Bahamas right now.

18. I don't speak Italian so I can't read this book in original version.

Answer key

1. I don ´t know many people. I wish………. ( I wish I knew more people)

2. I can ´t give up smoking. If only…………

3. I haven ´t got enough money for the concert. I wish I had enough money for....

4. George isn ´t here. If only George were here.

5. It´ s cold and I hate this weather. I wish it weren't/wasn't so cold.

6. I´ m sorry because Tina can ´t come to my party. If  only Tina could come to my party.

7. He was driving very fast when he had the accident. I wish he hadn't been driving so fast.

8. I have to work tomorrow and I´d like to stay in bed. If only I didn't have to work tomorrow.I wish I could stay in bed.

9. My car is broken and I don ´t know anything about cars. I wish I knew something about cars.

10. My husband didn't remember to bring his credit card with him on holiday. If only my husband had brought his credit card with him.

11. I should have travelled more when I was young. I wish I had travelled more when....

12. He was driving very fast when he had the accident. I wish he hadn't driven so fast.

13. I hate it when you drive fast in the city. If only you wouldn't drive so fast.

14. It's a pity I didn't bring my camera with me. I wish I had brought my camera with me.

15. I would like to go out more at the weekend. If only I could go out a bit more at the weekend.

16. He keeps arriving late for class. It's getting on my nerves. I wish he wouldn't arrive late for class.

17. I would love to be lying on a beach in the Bahamas right now. If only I could be lying on the beach in the Bahamas.

18. I don't speak Italian so I can't read this book in original version. I wish I could speak Italian.

Rewriting Conditional Sentences

1.        

Rewrite the following sentences using the words given. Use the answer key below to check your answers ONLY once you have written your own sentences.

 1.  1. He was planning to go to university, but his father died (If…)
2.      In my opinion, you should join a gym (If I …)
3.      In my opinion, you ought to rest for a few days (If I…)
4.      I advise you to look him straight in the eye (If I…)
5.      My advice to you is to call the police (If I…)
6.      My advice is: Take the train (If I…)
7.      You’d better not touch that button (If I…)
8.      He was so pushy that he didn’t get the job (If…)
9.      He is exhausted because he keeps training for so many hours (If he…)
10.  You can’t drive because you are not 18 yet (If you were…      

ou    10.1. You’re not 18, you can’t drive.( Unless…)

11  11.  I can’t write to her because I don’t have her address (If I…)
12.  I got wet because I forgot my umbrella (If I…)
13.  I couldn’t get in touch because you didn’t tell me where you were (If you…)
14.  We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money (If we…)
15.  I didn’t know the answer because I hadn’t read the book (If I…)
16.  The Indian will probably die if he catches a Western disease (The Indian would die…)
17.  We called the station; otherwise, we wouldn’t have known the time of your train (If…)
18.  She would have come to the party, but she had to work (If she…)
19.  I won’t enjoy the film if you aren’t with me. (Unless you…)

Answer key

1. 1.      If his father hadn´t died, he would have gone to university
2. 2.      If I were you, I would join a gym
3. 3.      I would rest for a few days if I were you
4. 4.      If I were you, I would look him straight in the eye
5. 5.      If I were you, I would call the police
6. 6.      If I were you, I would take the train
7. 7.      If I were you, I wouldn´t touch that button
8. 8.      He would have got the job, if he hadn´t been so pushy
9. 9.      If he didn´t train for so many hours, he wouldn´t be exahusted
10. 10.  If you were 18 , you could drive./   Unless you are 18, you can’t drive.
11. 11.  If I had her adress, I could write to her
12. 12.  I wouldn´t have got wet if I hadn´t forgotten my umbrella
13. 13.  If you had told me where you were, I could have got in touch
14. 14.  If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday
15. 15.  I would have known the answer if I had read the book
16. 16.  The Indian would die if he caught a Western disease.
17. 17.  If we hadn´t called the station, we wouldn´t have known the time of your train  
18. 18.  If she hadn´t had to work, she would have come to the party
19.       Unless you are with me, I won’t enjoy the film.

Unit 2 Activities

Click on the links:

- exercise on verbs and prepositions Quizlet, revision.

- unit revision Advantage Unit 2 A Healthy Future.


GRAMMAR  PRACTICE

-  If-clauses:  conditional sentences explanation (in Spanish).

- If-clauses: practice all types:

• 1. Types 1 and 2,  type 2, type 3 statements, negations.
• 2. Exercise 1, exercise 2, exercise 3, try  a Test here
• 3. "The cat and the mouse"(Part 1 / Part 2).
• 4. All types, practice.

- translate sentences on Quizlet

Conditional 1&2

Rephrasing conditionals

Writing test tips (2)

How to Write a For & Against Essay    (or Advantages / Disadvantages)

• For / against essays. They present both sides of an issue in a balanced way. In the concluding paragraph you can say why you find one side more convincing than the other.

A.- PLAN

PARAGRAPH 1 ·      Introduce the topic (summary of the topic without giving your opinion). The opening should engage the reader’s interest and give a hint of what is to follow.

PARAGRAPH 2  ·       State the advantages (or your arguments for), justifications, examples, and/ or reasons

PARAGRAPH 3 ·        State the disadvantages (or your arguments against), justifications, examples, and/ or reasons

PARAGRAPH 4 ·        Refer back to the topic and summarize. Here you can say why you find one side more convincing than the other.

BASIC DOS IN WRITING A FOR / AGAINST ESSAY

Introduce each paragraph with a main idea and then develop this idea.

Use a variety of structures and vocabulary adequate to your level.

Write in formal style  (no contractions, colloquial words, or emotional language).

B.-  VOCABULARY ( See also How to write an opinion essay for useful expressions)

Expresiones útiles para:

• Introducir el tema: 
• Some / Many people think / believe / consider (that) …
• However, others…
• It is thought / beleived / claimed that…  
• Añadir ideas:
• Furthermore,… /Moreover, … In addition to this,… (Estos tres conectores van siempre después de punto, y delante de coma). 
•  Hablar de razones y resultados:
• One result / effect of this is that…
• Because of / As a result of this, …
• Consequently,…
• … because  
• Contrastar ideas:
• On the one hand,… .
• On the other hand,…
• One advantage of… is…
• One disadvantage of… is
• However,… / Nevertheless,…  
• Exponer ejemplos:
• For example, For instance, An example of this is…  
• Hacer recomendaciones o sugerencias:
• …should (not)…
• (Noun / V+ -ing) would perhaps be a better solution / alternative.  

An example: a FOR and AGAINST essay

Source: laearnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org

Contrasting pictures-speaking test

Instructions: Study the two photographs. Be ready to compare and contrast the two photographs ( 1.5 to 2 minutes):

• give a brief description of the two photos (action, location) 
• say what the pictures have in common 
• say what in what way the pictures are different 
• say which of the activities presented in the pictures you'd prefer 
• explain why 
• answer a follow-up question from another student.

Students comparison might follow a clear order: introduction + similarities, differences, question. 

Useful Phrases for the Follow-up Question

• As far as I’m concerned,…
• The way I see it,…
• If I had to choose one of these two (…), I would (definitely) go for…
• In my experience,…
• In my case,…
• Well, it’s not an easy choice, but I think I’d prefer to…
• I would (…) no doubt. 
• I would definitely prefer/choose…
• I believe that it’s more important to…

Useful Phrases to Compare Pictures

Here we are some useful expressions we can use in any comparison. However, as a basic tip,  in order to compare, most of the connectors you’ll have to use are contrasting connectors. 

• Starting your comparison
  • Both of these pictures show…
  • These two pictures show…
  • The two situations in these pictures are…
• Talking about similarities
  • These two pictures/situations are similar because/in that…
  • In both pictures we can see…
  • One similarity between these two pictures/situations is that…
  • Another similarity might be that…
  • One thing that these two pictures/situations have in common is that…
  • One thing that these two pictures share is that…
  • The most obvious similarity is that…
  • These two pictures share the fact that…
  • Both pictures (…) in the same way. 
• Talking about differences
  • One of the most obvious differences (between these two pictures) is that…
  • Another difference is that…
  • Something that makes these two pictures different is…
  • What makes these two situations (so/completely) different is…
  • While the first picture …, the second one…
  • The first picture…. However, the second one…
  • The first picture… whereas the second one…
  • Although the first picture…., the second one…
  • On the one hand, the first picture shows… . On the other hand, the second one…
• Introducing the answer to the question
• As for + paraphrased question
• As to + paraphrased question
• In relation to the question,…
• In response to the question, I’d say that…
• As regards the question,… 
• Regarding the question of the task, 
• With regard to + paraphrased question

 Speaking test tips

1. Compare (rather than describe)
2. Don’t overuse «and»:  «And» is a connector to add ideas, not to express contrast.
3. Don’t focus too much on one picture
4. Don't answer only "yes" or "no". 
5. Address the interlocutor.
6. Finish your sentences:Do not let your speech fade out in the middle of a sentence; finish expressing your ideas!
7. Do not keep silent.
8. Stick to the topic.
9. Ask for repetition if necessary.
10. Use related vocabulary. So make sure you draw on what you have studied and drop some advanced terms that might impress the examiners.
11. Smile. 

Source: kseacademy.com/cambridge/b2-first-fce/speaking/part-2/